Back in 2001, RoseHosting was the first and only company in the world to offer commercial Linux virtual servers. Now they offer a wide range of Linux hosting packages, including Linux VPS powered by enterprise SSD Storage. All their hosting plans are fully managed and include free 24/7 support, so they can install and set up Grav for you for free.
Navigate to their Linux VPS Hosting page and choose a VPS hosting plan that suits you the most. You can even create a custom VPS based on your needs. For this guide, we'll be using the smallest plan, 'SSD 1 VPS'.
After you enter your existing domain name's information or order a new one, you'll be taken to the Product Configuration page where you can choose your billing cycle and the OS you want to use. For this guide we'll be using Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. You can get an additional DNS service for free and order addons like WHM/cPanel and Softaculous. Their support team can install Webmin or any other application on your VPS for free. Confirm the order information and billing information and submit it.
Your order will be processed and confirmed, after which you will receive an e-mail with information about your VPS. You will get an SSH login and password with full root access.
At this point, you might want to either setup a local /etc/hosts
entry to give the IP provided a nice friendly name such as rose.dev
. That way you can more easily SSH to your server with ssh [email protected] -p7022
.
The -p7022
configuration option is required in order to be able to the non-standard SSH port
After successfully SSH'ing to your server as root, the first thing you will want to do is update and upgrade all the installed packages. This will ensure you are running the latest-and-greatest:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
Just answer Y
if prompted.
Before we go any further, let's remove Apache2 which we will replace with Nginx:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
NOTE: You might not have this installed. But better safe than sorry!
Next you will want to install some essential packages:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
This will install the complete VIM editor (rather than the mini version that ships with Ubuntu), Nginx web server, GIT commands, and PHP 7.2.
Once php-fpm is installed, there is a slight configuration change that needs to take place for a more secure setup.
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
Search for cgi.fix_pathinfo
. This will be commented out by default and set to '1'.
This is an extremely insecure setting because it tells PHP to attempt to execute the closest file it can find if the requested PHP file cannot be found. This basically would allow users to craft PHP requests in a way that would allow them to execute scripts that they shouldn't be allowed to execute.
Uncomment this line and change '1' to '0' so it looks like this
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"] cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 [/prism]
Save and close the file, and then restart the service.
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
Nginx has already been installed, but you should configure is so that it uses a user-specific PHP connection pool. This will ensure you are secure and avoid any potential file permissions when working on the files as your user account, and via the web server.
Navigate to the pool directory and create a new grav
configuration:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
In Vim, you can paste the following pool configuration:
[prism classes="language-apache line-numbers"] [grav]
user = grav group = grav
listen = /var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock
listen.owner = www-data listen.group = www-data
pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 5 pm.start_servers = 2 pm.min_spare_servers = 1 pm.max_spare_servers = 3
chdir = / [/prism]
The key things here are the user
and group
being set to a user called grav
, and the listen socket having a unique name from the standard socket. Save and exit this file.
We need to create the dedicated grav
user now:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
Provide a strong password, and leave the other values as default. We need to next create an appropriate location for Nginx to serve files from, so let's switch user and create those folder, and create a couple of test files:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
$ mkdir -p www/html $ cd www/html [/prism]
Create a simple index.html
with the contents of:
[prism classes="language-html"]
[/prism]
..and a file called info.php
with the contents of:
[prism classes="language-php"] <?php phpinfo(); [/prism]
Now we can exit out of this user and return to root in order to setup the Nginx server configuration:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"] $ exit
[/prism]
Then simply paste in this configuration:
[prism classes="language-nginx line-numbers"] server {
index index.html index.php;
## Begin - Server Info
root /home/grav/www/html;
server_name localhost;
## End - Server Info
## Begin - Index
# for subfolders, simply adjust:
# `location /subfolder {`
# and the rewrite to use `/subfolder/index.php`
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
## End - Index
## Begin - Security
# deny all direct access for these folders
location ~* /(\.git|cache|bin|logs|backup|tests)/.*$ { return 403; }
# deny running scripts inside core system folders
location ~* /(system|vendor)/.*\.(txt|xml|md|html|yaml|yml|php|pl|py|cgi|twig|sh|bat)$ { return 403; }
# deny running scripts inside user folder
location ~* /user/.*\.(txt|md|yaml|yml|php|pl|py|cgi|twig|sh|bat)$ { return 403; }
# deny access to specific files in the root folder
location ~ /(LICENSE\.txt|composer\.lock|composer\.json|nginx\.conf|web\.config|htaccess\.txt|\.htaccess) { return 403; }
## End - Security
## Begin - PHP
location ~ \.php$ {
# Choose either a socket or TCP/IP address
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; #legacy
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/$fastcgi_script_name;
}
## End - PHP
} [/prism]
This is the stock nginx.conf
file that comes with Grav with 2 changes. 1) the root
has been adapted to our user/folder we just created and the fastcgi_pass
option has been set to the socket we defined in our grav
pool. Now we just need to link this file appropriately so that it's enabled:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
You can test the configuration with the command nginx -t
. It should return the following.
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"] nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [/prism]
Now all we have to do is restart Nginx and the php7-fpm process and test to ensure we have configured Nginx and the PHP connection pool correctly:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"]
[/prism]
Now point your browser at your server: http://rose.dev
and you should see the text: Working!
You can also test to ensure that PHP is installed and working correctly by pointing your browser to: http://rose.dev/info.php
. You should see a standard PHP info page with APCu, Opcache, etc listed.
This is the easy part! First we need to jump back over to the Grav user, so either SSH as [email protected]
or su - grav
from the root login. then follow these steps:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"] $ cd ~/www $ wget -O grav.zip https://getgrav.org/download/core/grav/latest $ unzip grav.zip $ rm -Rf html $ mv grav html [/prism]
Now That's done you can confirm Grav is installed by pointing your browser to http://rose.dev
and you should be greeted with the Grav is Running! page.
Because you have followed these instructions diligently, you will also be able to use the Grav CLI and Grav GPM commands such as:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"] $ cd ~/www/html $ bin/grav clear
Clearing cache
Cleared: cache/twig/ Cleared: cache/compiled/
Touched: /home/grav/www/html/user/config/system.yaml [/prism]
and GPM commands:
[prism classes="language-bash command-line"] $ bin/gpm index [/prism]
Found errors? Think you can improve this documentation? Simply click the Edit link at the top of the page, and then the icon on Github to make your changes.
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